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2007 Vol. 42 No. 5
Published: 2007-05-15
综合论述
1
YIN Ruiyu;WANG Xinhua
Discussion on Proper Secondary Refining Methods of Steel Grades for Cold Rolled Sheets
w(［O］) in liquid steel largely influences the desulphurization rate during ladle refining. To make high desulphurization rate of steels in ladle furnace refining for cold rolled sheets, w(［O］) has to be decreased to a very low level, which easily results in w(［Si］) out off the specification range of the steels. If LF refining is applied to the steels for cold rolled sheets, the contradiction between stirring the liquid steel to accelerate removing of nonmetallic inclusions and preventing reoxidation of the steel by oxidizing slag and the atmosphere is occurred. Hence, high reducing slag should be made, which increases the production cost and slows down the production paces of BOF and continuous casting owing to the increase of the LF refining time. Different from LF, using CAS and RH refining methods, the liquid steels can be strongly stirred while the reoxidation of the steels by the oxidizing slags and atmosphere can be prevented. Also, the production paces of CAS and RH are quicker and easier to match with the paces of BOF and slab continuous casting. So, CAS and RH should be chosen as the main refining method for producing steels for cold rolled sheets.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 1-0 [
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原料与炼铁
7
JIANG Tao;HE Guoqiang;LI Guanghui;FAN Xiaohui;CUI Zhixin
Effect of Gangue Composition on Reduction Swelling of Iron Ore Pellets
The effect of gangue composition on reduction swelling of iron ore pellets was investigated. The briquettes were prepared by briquettingbakingreducing process.The results show,that reduction swelling index (RSI) of pure hematite briquettes is markedly greater than that of pure magnetite ones.With adding gangue components such as CaO, SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, the RSI of hematite briquettes is reduced obviously. However,SiO2 and MgO can decrease but CaO and Al2O3 increase RSI of magnetite briquettes to a certain extent.RSI of oxidizing pellets prepared from hematite concentrate added with magnetite concentrate and gangue components were also studied and the reasonable content of gangue components were detemined. The mechanism of abnormal swelling caused by CaO is that Ca2+ in crystal lattice of iron oxide accelerates the formation and growth of metallic iron whisker during the reducing procedure from wüstite to metallic iron giving abnormal swelling.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 7-0 [
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12
LI Fumin;L Qing;LI Xiubing
Influence of Gasinjection From Tuyeres on Slag Formation in Blast Furnace
Injecting hydrogen enriched gas through tyueres, instead of coal injection, has great influenece on slag formation in blast furnance. Slag formation in blast furnance with gas injection was studied by simulation experiment. The results revealed,that the properties of primary slag are determined by the content of ferrous oxide.The content of ferrous oxide of slag decreases rapidly due to reduction by H2 and the slag composition approaches that of final slag rapidly, thus the slag in bosh is easy to melt and has good fluidity. Because of absence of unburned pulverized coal and coal ash, the change in composition from primary slag to final slag is small, so the slag formation in gas injection blast furnace is improved.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 12-0 [
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16
ZHU Zizong;XU Hongyang;ZHANG Liuxi;HE Hongfu;ZHU Junhong
Development of Blast Furnace Operation Management System
The blast furnace operation management system is of significant importance for operation of blast furnace. Managers and operators can realtimely operate and oversight the conditions of blast furnace by such system. The configuration, functions and application of the system based on mature technique are introduced.The work without paper, intranet and management and realtimely monitoring are perfomed by the system with nice interface, friendly HM1 and easy operation.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 16-0 [
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炼钢
19
ZHANG Hui;WU Yeming;XU Lijun;TAO Hongbiao;ZHANG Hongbo;YANG Xiaojiang
Design and Application of New Mold for Thin Slab Continuous Casting in Tangshan Steel
Aiming at the problems of H2 long funnel mold during the production of FTSC ultrathin slab continuous casting process in Tangshan Steel, a new type of mold is developed and designed. The new mold adopts the plane section instead of the funnel section of H2 mold bottom, and shorten the length from 2100 mm to 900 mm. By simulating and optimizing the slab stress in molds, a new shapefunnel mold is designed, which have merits of lower slab stress and strain and smoothtransition of curvesurfaces. The new mold is used in plant trial successfully, the results show that the mold eliminates longitudinal crack during starting cast and improves slab qualities. The mold has great applicability to steel grades and slab sections. The new mold is on a par with the mold imported in lifetime character.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 19-0 [
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25
SUN Qisong;WANG Xinhua;JIANG Dongcai;BAI Xuejun;ZHU Zhiyuan
Corner Cracking of AlKilled SS400 Slab and Countermeasures
To investigate corner cracking of Alkilled SS400 slab, the high temperature mechanical properties and corner temperature of slab in straightening zone were measured.The samples were studied by metallography and the surface of crack was analyzed by SEM.The conclusions are: intergranular embrittlement at 800 ℃ is caused by austeniteferrite transition and the precipitation of AlN.So straightening near 800 ℃ is the reason of intergranular corner cracking of slab.The distribution of secondary cooling water in width direction of slab was studied. Based on the results of test, the nozzle arrangement in secondary cooling zone was changed to increase corner temperature and avoid corner cracking.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 25-0 [
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29
YAO Shan;WANG Tingli;HOU Zhonglin;HAO Hai;JIN Junze
Study on Quantitative Model of Effect of Soft Reduction on Centerline Defect and Its Application
It is well known, that centerline shrinkage and segregation of continuously cast strand are the main defects. The soft reduction applied at the final stage of solidification has obvious effect on interal quality. A new quantitative model based on thermalstress model and shrinkage criterion function is proposed, which is able to estimate the effects and position of soft reduction more appropriately, implement the technique more scientifically. Compared with the traditional criterion functions, such as Niyama criterion function, the model takes into account pressure and flow pattern in mushy zone,for control of solidification and centerline defects. In order to improve internal quality, the soft reduction should be installed at the end of mushy zone.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 29-0 [
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33
TAO Shaoping;ZHONG Xiangchong
Influence of MgOBased and Al2O3Based Refractories on Inclusions in Molten Steel
The influence of MgOCaO, MgOAl2O3 and Al2O3MgO refractories on inclusion content and composition of 82B steel was studied. The change in inclusion type and size in the samples taken after holding molten steel in refractory crucible of induction furnace at 1450 ℃ for 80 min was investigated by means of SOLIM worker, image analysis, SEM and EDAX. It was found that the effect for reducing nonmetallic inclusions content of MgOCaO refractory is stronger than that of MgOAl2O3 and Al2O3MgO; the optimum CaO content is 30%40% in MgOCaO refractory. When Al2O3MgO refractory was used, the amount of inclusions was increased by 50% during holding,with an increase in size to 100900 μm,the their hardness of inclusious was high; the composition was mainly SiO2 and Al2O3. With use of MgOAl2O3 refractory, amount of inclusions was decreased by 30%, with a size of 80450 μm and hardness of inclusions was lower; the composition was mainly SiO2, MnO, CaO and MgO.The use of MgOCaO refractory was effective to reduce quantity (by 70%) and size (to 30350 μm) of inclusions with lower hardness;the inclusions were mainly CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 and FeO.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 33-0 [
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37
GUO Hanjie
Dynamical Behaviors in Hot Metal Desulfurization by Magnesium
Based on research of hot metal pretreatment process for desulfurization with magnesium, physical chemistry behavior of magnesium in hot metal and the dynamical behaviors of desulfurization with magnesium are obtained. When solid magnesium come into hot metal, some magnesium dissolve and saturate, the other become air bubbles reacted with sulfurization. More bigger of the radius of solid magnesiums are, more longer of the residence time and the rate of the magnesium bubble become, and little of the mass transfer coefficient are in the hot metal. It was founded that the residence time and the rate of the magnesium bubble upward was almost no relation with the temperature, but the mass transfer coefficient became bigger when the temperature became higher. When the radius of the solid magnesium increase, magnesium utilization ratio rise. In dynamical behaviors of hot metal desulfurization by magnesium, higher the temperature is, more rapid the desulfurization reaction is.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 37-0 [
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压力加工
42
LU Haitao;CAO Jianguo;ZHANG Jie;JIA Shenghui;ZENG Wei
Shape Control With Varying Contact Backup Rolls on Tandem Cold Rolling Mill
The configuration of conventional backup and work rolls for revamped 1700 tandem cold rolling mill at WISCO was proved unreasonable by systematical test as the cause of work roll edges contact during thin strip rolling and unsatisfactory flatness of product. A 2dimensional varying thickness finite element model of roll system deformation was built to simulate and analyse rolling process, and then a VCR (varying contact backup roll) was designed for the rolling conditions of PLTCM (pickling line combined with tandem cold rolling mill) and has been applied to 1700 tandem cold rolling mill at WISCO after industrial test. The application of VCR improves shape control,giving better strip flatness, higher capacity for thin strip and better selfmaintenance of roll contours.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 42-0 [
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47
AI Zhenhua;ZHOU Qingtian;DOU Aimin;XU Jun;WANG Junfei
Study on Mechanism Model of Friction Coefficient in HighSpeed Tandem Cold Rolling Process
On the base of field experiments and theoretical analysis, in order to solve the problems of existing friction models sech as low prediction precision and less commoness for highspeed cold rolling process,a calculation model for lubricating oil film thickness and roundcalculation method for friction coefficient were deduced firstly, and then the relationship between the oil film thickness in roll gap and friction coefficient was analyzed. Finally a friction coefficient mechanism model for highspeed cold rolling was created. The model has been used in production on 1220 fivestand cold tandem mill and 2030 fivestand cold tandem mill at Baosteel.The stability and control of rolling procese were improved greatly, the fluctuation of selfstudy and selfadaptation coefficient of the related models was reduced.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 47-0 [
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51
ZHOU Jinyu;CHEN Zhanfu
Torsional Vibration Analysis of Rougher Main Driving System of Rolling Mills
The analytic model and dynamic response solution for torsional vibration of main driving system on rougher of rolling mill were studied. The circumferential backlash between the roll and the driving side of the main driving system,which can enlarge the amplitude of the displacement owing to torsional vibration was considered in analysis. According to the rule of backlash opening and closing during biting, a new numeric method based on an advanced 4order RungeKutta algorithm was put forward and used to simulate dynamic response to torsional vibration of the main driving system. The computer simulation of torsional vibration of main driving system of R2 rougher for Baosteel 2050 mm hot rolling mill was carried out. The result of simulation shows that the backlash is open if velocity of the blank exceeds the horizontal component of circular velocity of the roll and torque amplification factors is increased by 4~20 percent. when the backlash is closed.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 51-0 [
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55
ZHOU Xiaomin;ZHANG Qingdong;WANG Changsong;WU Ping
Edge Drop and Flatness Decoupling Control on UCMW Cold Mill
The coupling relationship between edge drop and flatness is analyzed theoretically and decoupled for control of flatness and edge drop. An independent module of work roll bending compensation is set in the feedback control system. The work roll bending on five stands are adjusted based on the periodical change of work roll shift position to decouple the coupling between edge drop and flatness control and obtain the optimum flatness control.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 55-0 [
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钢铁材料
58
ZHANG Xi;WANG Chunxu;LIU Xianmin;SHI Qingnan
Effect of Chemical Composition Fluctuation on Hardenability and Mechanical Properties of SAE9310 Steel
SAE9310 steel is a widely used bearing steel with low cost and excellent comprehensive properties. According to AMS6265K, the samples with different C, Ni, Cr, Mo, Mn ,Si ,B ,content were designed,prepared and compared.Then the reasonable control range of each component was fixed for in industrial test.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 58-0 [
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61
YANG Zhuoyue;SU Jie;CHEN Jiayan;XIONG Jianxin
Effect of C, Cr, Ni and Mn Content on DeformationInduced Martensite Transformation in 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel
By means of Xray diffraction technique, the effect of C, Cr, Ni and Mn on deformationinduced martensite transformation in 304 austenitic stainless steel was investigated. It was confirmed by tensile test at liquid nitrogen temperature that the change of C, Cr, Ni and Mn from upper limit to lower limit gives significant difference both in formation of deformationinduced martensite and strain hardening. Especially, in room temperature tensile test,εand α′martensite was formed in the sample with C, Cr, Ni and Mn content close to lower limit, resulting in rapid increase in flow stress due to fast formation of α′ martensite. Moreover ,ε martensite was coexisted with α′ martensite during initial strain at liquid nitrogen temperature , but ε martensite was disappeared when volume fraction of α′ martensite was increased to about 70%.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 61-0 [
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65
DANG Ying;PAN Fusheng;CHEN Jie;ZUO Rulin;LI Cong;
Effect of Vanadium on Performance and Microstructure of LowMo FireResistant Steel
The microstructure of experimental hot rolled low Mo fireresistant steels containing different V were investigated by means of scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results revealed that the microstructure of hot rolled steels consists of proeutectoid ferrite and granular structure/granular bainite.Ｍost of precipitates are dissolved in ferrite,and a large number of fine V(C.N) are precipitated after reheated at 600 ℃,which contributes to a increase of hightemperature strength by precipitation strengthening.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 65-0 [
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70
ZHANG Xianzhong;CAI Qizhou;CHEN Zihong;GAO Zhiqiang
Study of CorrosionWear Resistant Alloy for Pumps Used in Hydrometallurgy of Zinc
A new corrosionwear resistant alloy for pumps used in hydrometallurgy of zinc and it’s heat treatment were studied.Microscope, Xrag diffraction, SEM and corrosionwear tests were used to investigate the microstructure and corrosionwear resistance and compare with that of CD4MCu and YL for impellers. The results showed that the σ phase of high hardness being pricked in matrix,could effectively prevent the matrix from erosion by solid particle and reduce the corrosionwear lost in hydrometallurgical process of zincy production.The new alloy strengthened by σ phase is the best in corrosionwear resistance among them.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 70-0 [
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JIANG Bo;CHEN Gang;CUI Yinhui;REN Xuechong;CHU Wuyang
About Flaking in Wheel Steel （Ⅱ）
The effect of flaking on mechanical properties of wheel steel was investigated. The results show that if the amount of flaking is below a critical value, there is no effect of flaking on tensile properties,but the impact toughness is decreased distinctly. If the density and size of flaking is above the critical value the tensile properties are reduced, but no effect on fracture toughness KIC is obscrued. The flaking do increases and undulates the fatigue crack growth rate.Hydrogen induced delayed cracking has nothing to do with flaking and is attributed to hydrogen atoms.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 74-0 [
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环保与能源
79
LIN Yongzeng;LIU Meiying;LIU Xianghua;WANG Guodong
PreTreatment of TinPlating Wastewater From Cold Strip Mill With H2O2Ferric/Carbon
There is a plenty of organic matters in wastewater from tin electroplating process of cold rolling mill.The concentration of COD is high and pH is between 1.12.0.So it is difficult to treat directly by biochemical process. H2O2ferric/activated carbonpH calibrationcoagulation process was used to pretreat such wastewater. The results showed that the effect is the best when void speed is 3 h-1, H2O2/COD is 1.5, pH is about 8 and the dosage of PAM is 5 mg/m3.The chemical oxygen demands (COD) can be reduced and the Sn2+ removed by precipitation as Sn4+ after oxidation.The pretreatment provides necessary conditions for the further biological process.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 79-0 [
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装备与控制
82
GUAN Chunli;WANG Mingchun;GANG Zhanku
Practice of Computerized Automatic Steel Making Process on 120 t BOF at Tonggang
Being demonstrated by production data, the benefits of both economical and social have been achieved by more stable melting process, decrease of BOF reblow rate, less consumption of raw material, longer converter campaign, shorter melting time, better working conditions with computerized automatic steel making process on 120ton BOF at Tonggang. The existing problems and further improvements are summarized.
2007 Vol. 42 (5): 82-0 [
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