钢铁研究学报(英文版)
首页
期刊介绍
编 委 会
投稿指南
期刊订阅
广告服务
留言板
联系我们
English
在线办公平台
在线期刊
当期目录
论文检索
过刊浏览
论文下载排行
论文点击排行
Email Alert
文章快速检索
高级检索
2015年 22卷 11期
刊出日期：2015-11-15
Material
Metallurgy and Metal Working
Review
Review
977
Hang SU, Xiao-bing LUO, Feng CHAI, Jun-chang SHEN, Xin-jun SUN, Feng LU
Manufacturing Technology and Application Trends of Titanium Clad Steel Plates
Some of the major manufacturing processes and corresponding mechanical properties of titanium clad steel plates were analyzed, and the consequences of research, manufacturing, and application of titanium clad steel plates in both markets of China and overseas were also summarized. As an economical and environmentally friendly technology, the roll bonding process is expected to become the next-generation mainstream process for the manufacturing of titanium clad steel plate. Some of the crucial and most important technical problems of this particular process, including vacuum sealing technology, surface treatment process technology, application of a transition layer, and rolling process, were discussed along with the advantageous mechanical properties and life-cycle economy of these plates processed by this technology. Finally, the market needs, application trends, and requirements of titanium clad steel plate were also considered from industries of petrochemical, shipbuilding, marine, and electric power.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 977-982 [
摘要
] (
607
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
26
)
Metallurgy and Metal Working
983
Jian-wu YAN,, Liang LUO, A-fang PENG,, Chen-shu ZHANG,, Qing-hua CAO,
Behavior of Element Vaporization and Composition Control of Fe-Ga Alloy during Vacuum Smelting
Saturated vapor pressure, critical evaporation temperature and evaporation loss rate of Fe-Ga alloy were calculated under different conditions of Ga and Fe contents with activity coefficients. The relationship between the change of Ga content and melting time was determined. The results demonstrated that saturated vapor pressure of Ga was higher than that of Fe under the same conditions. The difference value of critical evaporation temperature of Ga with and without Ar was nearly 800 K. The critical evaporation temperature of Fe was higher than that of Ga under vacuum, indicating that Ga was more volatile than Fe. At 1 800 K, the evaporation rate of Ga was 84 times higher than that of Fe in the melt of Fe81Ga19 alloy. Under this condition, the change of Ga content and smelting time kept a linear relationship. The higher the temperature was, the faster the Ga content decreased, which was consistent with theoretical calculations.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 983-989 [
摘要
] (
531
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
14
)
990
Feng-li SUI, Xin WANG, Jun ZHAO , Biao MA, Chang-sheng LI
Analysis on Shear Deformation for High Manganese Austenite Steel during Hot Asymmetrical Rolling Process Using Finite Element Method
Based on the rigid-plastic finite element method (FEM), the shear stress field of deformation region for high manganese austenite steel during hot asymmetrical rolling process was analyzed. The influences of rolling parameters, such as the velocity ratio of upper to lower rolls, the initial temperature of workpiece and the reduction rate, on the shear deformation of three nodes in the upper, center and lower layers were discussed. As the rolling parameters change, distinct shear deformation appears in the upper and lower layers, but the shear deformation in the center layer appears only when the velocity ratio is more than 1.00, and the absolute value of the shear stress in this layer is changed with rolling parameters. A mathematical model which reflected the change of the maximal absolute shear stress for the center layer was established, by which the maximal absolute shear stress for the center layer can be easily calculated and the appropriate rolling technology can be designed.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 990-995 [
摘要
] (
549
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
30
)
996
Zheng-wen YUAN,, Hong XIAO,
Plate Shape Control Theory and Experiment for 20-high Mill
Roll flattening theory is an important part of plate shape control theories for 20-high mill. In order to improve the accuracy of roll flattening calculation for 20-high mill, a new and more accurate roll flattening model was proposed. In this model, the roll barrel was considered as a finite length semi-infinite body. Based on the boundary integral equation method, the numerical solution of the finite length semi-infinite body under the distributed force was obtained and an accurate roll flattening model was established. Coupled with roll bending model and strip plastic deformation, a new and more accurate plate control model for 20high mill was established. Moreover, the effects of the first intermediate roll taper angle and taper length were analyzed. The tension distribution calculated by analytical model was consistent with the experimental results.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 996-1001 [
摘要
] (
637
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
33
)
1002
Gui-ming YANG, Xiao-hui FAN, Xu-ling CHEN, Xiao-xian HUANG, Xi LI
Optimization of Cooling Process of Iron Ore Pellets Based on Mathematical Model and Data Mining
Cooling process of iron ore pellets in a circular cooler has great impacts on the pellet quality and systematic energy exploitation. However, multi-variables and non-visualization of this gray system is unfavorable to efficient production. Thus, the cooling process of iron ore pellets was optimized using mathematical model and data mining techniques. A mathematical model was established and validated by steady-state production data, and the results show that the calculated values coincide very well with the measured values. Based on the proposed model, effects of important process parameters on gas-pellet temperature profiles within the circular cooler were analyzed to better understand the entire cooling process. Two data mining techniques—Association Rules Induction and Clustering were also applied on the steady-state production data to obtain expertise operating rules and optimized targets. Finally, an optimized control strategy for the circular cooler was proposed and an operation guidance system was developed. The system could realize the visualization of thermal process at steady state and provide operation guidance to optimize the circular cooler.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1002-1008 [
摘要
] (
642
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
4
)
1009
Xiao-jie LIU, Qing Lü,, Shu-jun CHEN, Zhen-feng ZHANG, Shu-hui ZHANG, Yan-qin SUN
Formation of Hearth Sediment during Vanadium Titano-magnetite Smelting in Blast Furnace No.7 of Chengde Iron and Steel Company
The large quantity of sediment produced in the hearth during vanadium titano-magnetite smelting in a blast furnace (BF) affects the stability of the blast furnace operation. Testing and analysis of the sediment in the hearth of Chengde Iron and Steel Company.s BF No.7 revealed that it was mainly concentrated in the location below the tuyere and above the iron notch. Notably, some of the bonding material (sediment) consisted of greater than 50% pig iron, and the pig iron distributed in the slag was granular. It is proposed that a large quantity of TiC and Ti(C,N) are deposited on the surface of the pig iron. These high melting point materials mix with iron drops, preventing the slag from flowing freely, thus leading to the formation of bonding materials. In addition, the viscosity and melting temperature of the slag in the tuyere areas fluctuate greatly, and thus the properties of the slag are unstable. Moreover, the slag contains large quantities of carbon, which results in the reduction of TiO2. The resultant precipitation of Ti is followed by the formation of TiC in the slag, which also leads to an increase in the viscosity of the slag and difficulty in achieving separation of the slag-iron. In fact, all of these factors interact with each other, and as a result, sediment is formed when the operating conditions in the hearth fluctuate.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1009-1014 [
摘要
] (
737
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
35
)
Material
1015
Xi-nan LUO, Xiao-yan ZHONG, Hai-wen LUO, Hui-hua ZHOU, Cun-yu WANG, Jie SHI
Mn Diffusion at Early Stage of Intercritical Annealing of 5Mn Steel
Mn distribution and austenite morphology at the early stage of intercritical annealing of 5Mn steel were investigated. It was experimentally demonstrated that a newly formed 20 nm-thick austenite was formed without the partitioning of Mn. The elemental analysis confirmed that the growth of austenite should be controlled by the diffusion of C prior to the diffusion of Mn at a low heating rate. The austenite growth started under negligible-partitioning local equilibrium mode and then switched to partitioning local equilibrium mode. Mn segregation at the γ/α interface suggested that the collector plate mechanism was the essential way of Mn partitioning at the early stage of austenite growth.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1015-1019 [
摘要
] (
834
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
35
)
1020
Jun-shan WANG,, Pei-yang SHI, Cheng-jun LIU, Mao-fa JIANG
Corrosion Behavior of S450EW Low-alloy Weathering Steel inCyclically Alternate Corrosion Environments
Weathering steel is widely used in various fields due to its excellent mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance. The effect of chromium content on the S450EW weathering steel in cyclic immersion test was studied. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of S450EW weathering steel is closely related to chromium content. The addition of chromium significantly inhibited the weathering steel corrosion. The corrosion rate of experimental steel after 96 h immersion was 1.101 g·m.2·h.1. The rust of S450EW weathering steel was mainly constituted of FeOOH and Fe3O4 phase, and the elevation of chromium content promoted the formation of α-FeOOH. The fine precipitates of the two phases contributed to the formation of dense dust layer of test steel. Furthermore, the increase of chromium is beneficial for the cure of original defects and cracks of the rust layer via the enrichment of chromium. The corrosion potential and the resistance of corrosion process were thus increased, protecting the experimental steel from further corrosion. A S450EW steel with corrosion resistance more than 1.5 times of Q450NQR1 steel was prepared.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1020-1023 [
摘要
] (
890
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
47
)
1024
Ye-qing CAI, Jin-zhong SUN, Cheng-jie LIU, Shi-wei MA, Xi-cheng WEI
Relationship between Dislocation Density in P91 Steel and Its Nonlinear Ultrasonic Parameter
P91 steel is an important bearing material used in nuclear power plants. The study of its mechanical degradation behavior is important for ensuring safe operation. The relationship between the dislocation density of P91 steel under different strains and the corresponding nonlinear ultrasonic parameter β was studied. The dislocation density of strained samples was estimated by X-ray diffraction. Nonlinear ultrasonic testing was conducted to evaluate β, showing that this value increased with increasing dislocation density induced by different tensile elongations. It was shown that the ultrasonic second-harmonic generation technique can effectively evaluate the degradation behavior of metallic materials, and the prediction of the residual life of bearing parts in service can be made based on β and the dislocation density.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1024-1030 [
摘要
] (
897
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
25
)
1031
Cheng JI, Lei WANG, Miao-yong ZHU
Effect of Subcritical Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SCM435 Steel
The effect of subcritical annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of SCM435 steel was investigated through changing the heating and soaking temperature as 660 °C, 680 °C, 700 °C, 720 °C and 745 °C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of intercritically annealed specimens were analyzed. With increasing the subcritical annealing temperature from 660 °C to 720 °C, the spheroidization ratio gradually increased, and the mechanical properties, formability and Vickers hardness were improved. According to the comprehensive comparison of mechanical properties and formability, the subcritical process at soaking temperature of 680.720 °C could achieve similar annealing effect as that of intercritical process. Therefore, the subcritical annealing temperature could be set as 700 °C in practice, with the Ac1 temperature fluctuation within ±20 °C, and the applicability and stability of subcritical annealing were guaranteed in industrial application. The plant results of the cold heading showed that the subcritical annealing could replace original intercritical annealing successfully with significantly saving time and energy.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1031-1036 [
摘要
] (
742
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
40
)
1037
Tao PAN, Xi-yang CHAI, Jin-guang WANG, Hang SU, Cai-fu YANG
Precipitation Behavior of V-N Microalloyed Steels during Normalizing
The precipitation behavior of V-N microalloyed steel during normalizing process was studied by physicochemical phase analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of precipitation behavior on mechanical properties was investigated by theoretical calculations. The results showed that 32.9% of V(C,N) precipitates remained undissolved in the austenite during the soaking step of the normalizing process. These precipitates prevented the growth of the austenite grains. During the subsequent cooling process, the dissolved V(C,N) re-precipitated and played a role in precipitation strengthening. The undissolved V(C,N) induced intragranular ferrite nucleation and refined the ferrite grains. Consequently, compared with hot-rolled steel, the normalized steel exhibited increased grain-refining strengthening but diminished precipitation strengthening, leading to an improvement of the impact energy at the expense of about 40 MPa yield strength.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1037-1042 [
摘要
] (
697
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
33
)
1043
Li WANG, , Gang YANG, Ting LEI, Shu-biao YIN, Lu WANG
Hot Deformation Behavior of GH738 for A-USC Turbine Blades
The hot deformation characteristics of GH738 superalloy over the temperature range of 1 000 °C to 1 200 °C and strain range of 0.01 s.1 to 10.0 s.1 under a strain of 1.0 s.1 were investigated through hot compression tests with a Gleeble-1500 simulation machine. The flow stress reached peak value before flow softening occurred. The average apparent activation energy (Q) of GH738 was calculated to be 430 kJ/mol, and the stress index (n) is approximately 4.08. The processing map was developed based on flow stress data and dynamic materials model (DMM). The map shows a dynamic recrystallization (DRX) domain in 1 050 °C to 1 150 °C and 0.01 s.1 to 1.0 s.1 strain rate range with a peak efficiency of 45%, which is considered to be the optimum region for hot working. Moreover, the materials undergo flow instability in the temperature range of 1 000 °C to 1 050 °C and strain range of 1.0 s.1 to 10.0 s.1, and adiabatic shear bands can be observed in this domain.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1043-1048 [
摘要
] (
603
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
6
)
1049
Jia-peng ZOU, Kazumichi SHIMIZU, Qi-zhou CAI
Effects of Cr Content and Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Wear Characteristics of Cast Ausferrite Nodular Iron
The effects of Cr content and annealing temperature on abrasive wear characteristics of cast ausferrite nodular iron were investigated with Suga type abrasive wear tester. The surface morphology and Vickers hardness of the tested samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), digital microscope and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the cast ausferrite nodular iron could be obtained by alloying with Cr in the as-cast ductile cast iron and permanent mold casting, and the bainite content in the matrix increased with increasing Cr content. However, the decomposition of bainite took place during annealing at 500 °C to 800 °C; especially, at 800 °C, the bainite transformed into a mixture of fine lamellar pearlite and ferrite matrix structure. The wear loss of specimens was reduced with increasing Cr content in the cast ausferrite nodular iron. The wear loss of the sample cast ausferrite nodular iron with 0.4mass% Cr is the least. The wear loss began to increase while the Cr content is 0.6mass%. The wear loss of annealed ductile irons at different annealing temperatures was higher than that of as-cast samples. During the abrasive wear, the shear stress transformed austenite to martensite, and the hardness of specimens increased and the wear resistance of as-cast ductile cast iron was improved.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1049-1054 [
摘要
] (
756
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
3
)
1055
Yun HAN, Shuang KUANG, Hua-sai LIU, Ying-hua JIANG, Guang-hui LIU
Effect of Chromium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold Rolled Hot-dip Galvanizing DP450 Steel
Two cold rolled hot-dip galvanizing dual phase (DP) 450 steels with different amounts of chromium were designed and the effects of the chromium concentration and galvanizing processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties were also investigated. The results show that the experimental steels exhibit typical dual phase microstructure character. However, the ferrite phase of steel with higher chromium is more regular and its boundaries are clearer. Meanwhile, martensite austenite (MA) island in steel No. 2 is diffused and no longer distributes along the grain boundary as net or chain shape. More MA islands enriched with Cr element can be found in the ferrite grains, and the increment of Cr element improves the stablity of the austenite so that the austenite has been reserved in MA islands. In addition, the experimental steel with higher chromium exhibits better elongation, lower yield ratio and better formability. The mean hole expanding ratio of steels No. 1 and No. 2 is 161.70% and 192.70%, respectively.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1055-1061 [
摘要
] (
768
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
35
)
1062
Xun-zeng HUANG, Dan WANG, Yi-tao YANG
Effect of Precipitation on Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel
With Nb-Ti-stabilized 430 ferritic stainless steel (NTS430FSS) and SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel (SUS430FSS) as experimental materials, the influence of precipitation on intergranular corrosion resistance was investigated. A series of aging treatment were carried out. The free-exposure corrosion test and double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test with a scan rate of 1.67 mV/s at 26 °C were applied to evaluate the intergranular corrosion (IGC) resistance. Metallographic observation, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were conducted. The results show that IGC occurred in SUS430FSS aged above 700 °C, while it occurred in NTS430FSS as the temperature was improved to 1 050 °C. The critical degree of sensitization Ir/Ia reaches 0.305 in SUS430FSS, which is higher than that of NTS430FSS, i.e. 0.010, aged at 950 °C for 2 h. The TEM, EDS and XRD results show that a large amount of Cr23C6 precipitates with size of 60 nm×22 nm are located at the SUS430FSS grain boundaries as chains. With the addition of Nb and Ti and reduction of C, the amount of precipitates reduces significantly in NTS430FSS. A majority of Cr23C6 were replaced by TiC and NbC. Only a small amount of spherical TiC (R=186 nm) and square TiN (312 nm×192 nm) with Nb and Cr adsorbed are left along grain boundaries. Due to the dual stabilization of Nb and Ti, the precipitation of Cr23C6 is restrained, the chromium depleted region is avoided and accordingly the resistance to the intergranular corrosion is improved.
2015 Vol. 22 (11): 1062-1068 [
摘要
] (
546
) [
HTML
0KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
3
)
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
编辑部公告
·
《钢铁研究学报》第二届青年编委招募
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“极端环境下材料的腐蚀和磨损”专刊征稿启事
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“钢铁冶金固废资源化利用”专刊征稿启事
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“多相多尺度冶金过程数值仿真”专刊征稿启事
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“人工智能在钢铁冶金及材料中的应用”专刊征稿启事
更多
作者指南
投稿须知
论文模板
标准规范
版权协议
读者会员登录
友 情 链 接
更多
版权所有 © 《钢铁研究学报(英文版)》编辑部
地址：北京市海淀区学院南路76号 邮政编码：100081
