钢铁研究学报(英文版)
首页
期刊介绍
编 委 会
投稿指南
期刊订阅
广告服务
留言板
联系我们
English
在线办公平台
在线期刊
当期目录
论文检索
过刊浏览
论文下载排行
论文点击排行
Email Alert
文章快速检索
高级检索
2022年 29卷 01期
刊出日期：2022-01-25
论著
1
Le-jun Zhou1 Ying Ren2 Pei-yuan Ni3
Special issue on continuous casting
Continuous casting is considered to be one of the most important innovations in steel industry since it is first propagated by Henry Bessemer in 1846. It has many benefits, including (I) increased yield, (II) improved product quality, (III) energy saving, (IV) less pollution, (V) reduced costs, (VI) better working conditions, etc. Nowadays, more than 98% of crude steel output in the world is produced through the continuous casting process. This process involves multiphase flow, heat and mass transfer, interfacial reaction, solidification, and so on. It is one of the most critical steps during high-quality steel production. The social development puts forward improved requirements on physical and mechanical properties of steel. This in turn requires a strict control in steel casting process with respect to steel composition, cleanliness, homogenization, solidification structure, and various defects of steel semi-product. In addition, it is necessary to further improve the production efficiency and to lower the production cost, which is important for the sustainable competitiveness of steel. To achieve above aims, technological progress in continuous casting is of great significance. Therefore, a special issue for the Journal of Iron and Steel Research International focused on continuous casting has been organized, including seventeen papers from universities and industries. We want to express our gratitude to all the editors, reviewers, and authors who contributed to the special issue. Hopefully, this special issue could be helpful to researchers and readers who are interested in continuous casting.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 1-2 [
摘要
] (
55
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
161
)
论著
3
Wan-lin Wang, Cheng Lu, Le-jun Zhou, Pei-sheng Lyu
Research methods and influencing factors of interfacial heat transfer during sub-rapid solidification process of strip casting
Hot!
Interfacial heat transfer behavior between the molten steel and twin-rolls is a key issue in the strip casting process, and it has already attracted wide attention from industrial and academic communities of steel. The research methods and influencing factors on the interfacial heat transfer were summarized. Numerical simulation models, semi-industrial scale, and laboratory equipment have been developed in this field, and these methods were also improved by worldwide researchers based on the development of computer, automatic, and visual technologies. Coating properties, naturally deposited film, and casting parameters are the main factors which affect the heat transfer significantly. Although lots of research has been carried out, the internal relations among these influencing factors, interfacial heat transfer, and the quality of the strip are still worth to be further explored. Keywords Strip casting Interfacial heat transfer Simulation method Coating property Naturally deposited film Casting parameter.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 3-16 [
摘要
] (
100
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
138
)
17
Shuai Xu, Shao-hua Li, Shui-ze Wang, Jun-heng Gao, Rui Cao, Qing-xiao Feng, Hua-long Li, Xin-ping Mao
Research status and prospect of direct strip casting manufactured lowcarbon microalloyed steel
Hot!
Direct strip casting (DSC) is one of the cutting-edge technologies for the steel industry in the twenty-first century. Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, DSC technology has a bright future of applications as it requires less production time and space with reduced energy consumption. Owing to its sub-rapid cooling rate during solidification and low reduction during hot rolling, DSC process exhibits a series of unique physical metallurgy characteristics. The process characteristics of DSC process and the microstructural evolution during the thermomechanical processing of low-carbon microalloyed steel are reviewed. The effects of hot rolling, cooling, coiling temperatures and microalloying elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties are then discussed. Finally, the future development orientations of DSC technology are suggested to fully utilize its unique features for the enhancement of its competitiveness and for the promotion of carbon neutrality of the steel industry.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 17-33 [
摘要
] (
126
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
133
)
34
Wei Liang, Jing Li, Bin Lu, Jian-guo Zhi, Shuai Zhang, Yang Liu
Analysis on clogging of submerged entry nozzle in continuous casting of high strength steel with rare earth
Hot!
The type of inclusions in tundish steel and the formation mechanism of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging in the continuous casting of the rare earth (RE) high strength steel without calcium treatment were studied based on the plant trials and thermodynamic calculation. It was found that Ce2O3 and CeAlO3 in tundish molten steel were transformed into Ce2O2S ? CaO–Al2O3 with the size of 2–3 lm during cooling. When the flow velocity of molten steel on surface of the SEN was slow due to the boundary layer effect, Ce2O3 inclusion in molten steel reacted with Al2O3 in the SEN refractory to form CeAlO3. With the continuous erosion of molten steel and reaction, the compositions of CeAlO3, Al2O3 and CaO were aggregated, and the clogging layers with different zones were formed on surface of the SEN. Meanwhile, a small amount of molten steel remaining in the arc zone and corner zone of the SEN formed solidified steel. When calcium treatment is canceled, the reaction probability between inclusions in molten steel and refractory should be reduced by improving the material and shape of the SEN.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 34-43 [
摘要
] (
127
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
192
)
44
Pei Xu, Yong-zhi Zhou, Deng-fu Chen, Mu-jun Long, Hua-mei Duan
Optimization of submerged entry nozzle parameters for ultra-high casting speed continuous casting mold of billet
Hot!
Controlling the flow behavior in the mold in an appropriate way is the basis for realizing the billet ultra-high speed continuous casting. Based on the new proposed physical water modeling experiment considering the effects of solidified shell and hydrostatic pressure, the flow behavior in the mold with cross section of 160 mm 9 160 mm during continuous casting of billet is regulated by optimizing the inner diameters and immersion depths of submerged entry nozzle at the ultra-high casting speeds of 5.0–6.5 m/min. The results show that under the premise of no slag entrainment, as well as uniform coverage and keeping good fluidity of liquid slag layer on the top free surface of the fluid in the mold, the appropriate parameters of submerged entry nozzle under the ultra-high casting speed of billet are 50 mm in inner diameter, 95 mm in outer diameter and 180 mm in immersion depth. And on the basis of the obtained parameters of submerged entry nozzle, it can be known that the reasonable ranges of level fluctuation and impacting depth of the stream in the mold are about 0.82–1.11 and 593–617 mm, respectively.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 44-52 [
摘要
] (
97
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
177
)
53
Le-jun Zhou, Hao Luo, Wan-lin Wang, Xiong Yan, Hou-fa Wu
Effect of Al2O3/Na2O ratio and MnO on high-temperature properties of mold flux for casting peritectic steel
Hot!
The influences of Al2O3/Na2O ratio and MnO content on high-temperature properties, such as melting, crystallization, heat transfer, and viscosity of mold flux for casting peritectic steel, have been investigated. The results show that the melting temperatures of mold flux decrease, whereas the ratio of crystalline layers increases with the decrease in Al2O3/Na2O ratio and increase in MnO content. The average response temperatures of the three mold fluxes decrease from 566, 525, to 512 ℃, respectively, which indicates that the heat transfer controlling ability of mold flux is promoted due to the increase in crystallization ability and addition of transition metal oxide MnO. Furthermore, the viscosity–temperature curves suggest that the viscosity at 1300 ℃ decreases, but the break temperature increases with the reduction in Al2O3/Na2O and addition of MnO.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 53-60 [
摘要
] (
85
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
190
)
61
Yang Chen, Sheng-ping He, Zhi-rong Li, Xu-bin Zhang, Qiang-qiang Wang, Qian Wang
Properties and structure of a new non-reactive mold flux for high-Al steel
Hot!
During the conventional continuous casting process of high-aluminum steels (w([Al])[ 0.5 wt.%), some components of slag, such as SiO2, B2O3, and TiO2, could be reduced by aluminum in molten steel. Therefore, the CaO–BaO–Al2O3– CaF2–Li2O non-reactive mold fluxes were designed using the simplex grid method and molecular dynamics to mitigate the slag–metal interface reaction and stabilize the performance of mold fluxes. The results show that the components of nonreactive quinary system are 20–40 wt.% CaO, 14–34 wt.% BaO, 14–34 wt.% Al2O3, 4–12 wt.% F, and 4–8 wt.% Li2O. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that [AlO4]- tetrahedron acts as network formers and melt network structure is mainly chain and lamellar in the low-viscosity area. The cross sections of w(F) = 8 wt.%, w(Li2O) = 8 wt.% and w(F) = 12 wt.%, w(Li2O) = 8 wt.% are important reference sections for the design of mold flux, with the compositions of 22–40 wt.% CaO, 14–34 wt.% BaO, 20–34 wt.% Al2O3 and 23–40 wt.% CaO, 14–34 wt.% BaO, 20–28 wt.% Al2O3, respectively.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 61-70 [
摘要
] (
67
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
163
)
71
Daniel Christopher Merten, Marc-Thorsten Hutt, Yilmaz Uygun
Effect of slab width on choice of appropriate casting speed in steel production
Hot!
In steel continuous casting (CC), the choice of the appropriate speed at which the slab is cast can be influenced by many different factors and phenomena. While the slab thickness seems to have the biggest impact, other features like the slab width have been consistently overlooked. In fact, the slab width practically limits the casting speed via the mass flow constraint which governs the input and output balance at the tundish. Here, we present a case study that aims at analyzing steel production data from the perspective of casting speed constraints. By studying the speed fluctuations of an industrial CC machine, we identify a strategic regime change toward a stricter consideration of the mass flow constraint. The regime change manifests itself in a significant increase in the correlation between the actual casting speed and the maximal speed associated with the mass flow constraint. On the surface, taking greater account of the input and output balance at the tundish has reduced the productivity of the continuous caster; however, one can argue that the lessened yield is compensated by a diminished risk of eventual slab breaking. From the perspective of this trade-off, we establish a visualization technique that enables us to pinpoint the boundary beyond which one strategic regime becomes economically more advantageous than the other.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 71-79 [
摘要
] (
55
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
184
)
80
Lai-qiang Cai, Xu-dong Wang, Man Yao
Non-uniform shrinkage analysis of round billet using element-free Galerkin method
Hot!
An element-free Galerkin thermal–mechanical calculation model for the solidification and shrinkage of round billet was established. The non-uniform heat flux measured in the plant trial was used as the boundary condition to simulate and analyze the deformation of solidified shell. The results indicate that the maximum and minimum shrinkages of the round billet at mold outlet are 0.78 and 0.21 mm, respectively, with apparent non-uniform characteristic. The local high-heat-flux region substantially dominates the non-uniformity of shell shrinkage, and the larger shrinkage usually derives from the high heat flux between the solidified shell and the mold in the circumferential direction. Also, the shrinkage on the shell surface has an immediate connection with the equivalent stress. Specifically, the shrinkage is more closely related to the radial stress component than the circumferential stress component.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 80-87 [
摘要
] (
53
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
169
)
88
Alexander Vakhrushev, Abdellah Kharicha, Menghuai Wu, Andreas Ludwig, Gerald Nitzl, Yong Tang, Gernot Hackl, Josef Watzinger, Christian M. G. Rodrigues
Norton-Hoff model for deformation of growing solid shell of thin slab casting in funnel-shape mold
Hot!
A funnel-type mold is commonly used to provide necessary clearance for the submerged entry nozzle in the thin slab casting (TSC). The partially solidified shell is subjected to the mechanical deformations, which can lead to the defects formation and, as a results, to a breakout. Traditionally, the results of the flow simulation, performed by the finite volume method (FVM), are fed to the external package for the finite element analysis of stress and strain. A coupled model was assembled using “creeping solid” approach by blending the Norton-Hoff viscoplastic stress for the solidifying shell with the Newtonian viscous stress of the liquid melt. The FVM was used to combine both liquid and solid stress models within a single solver. The iterative procedure based on the improved both side diffusion method was introduced to treat the nonlinear relation between the viscoplastic stress and the strain rate. The modeled shell thickness was verified by previously published breakout measurements and the simulation results. Temperature distribution, obtained during the TSC simulation, dominantly corresponds to the viscoplastic range. Developed numerical approach is robust and has direct industrial application.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 88-102 [
摘要
] (
51
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
155
)
103
Zi-jian Wei, Cheng Ji, Tian-ci Chen, Miao-yong Zhu, Chen-hui Wu
Metadynamic recrystallization and microstructure evolution of a continuously cast Ti-microalloyed steel slab with heavy reduction
Hot!
The effects of the deformation parameters in the heavy reduction (HR) process on recrystallization kinetics and microstructure evolution were analyzed. Based on the experimental results, metadynamic recrystallization (MDRX) kinetic and austenite grain size models were established for a continuously cast slab during HR. Moreover, the evolution of the quenched microstructure after MDRX was observed using electron backscatter diffraction. The relative frequency of very low-angle grain boundaries decreased from 58.8% to 52.1%, and the relative frequency of high-angle grain boundaries increased from 28.5% to 38.9%. Analyses revealed that the recovery was the main softening mechanism. The decrease in the total grain boundary length indicated that subgrain growth occurred with increasing inter-pass time. The main texture evolved from a {001}\110[ texture to a {112}\111[ texture, and the texture strength remained unchanged.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 103-114 [
摘要
] (
109
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
162
)
115
Da-wei Liu, Chen Lv, Jin-ming Zhang, Xin Jin
Elastodynamic analysis of synergistic oscillation system driven by double servomotors for continuous casting mold
Hot!
Based on the principle of speed superposition, the oscillation system for continuous casting mold synchronously driven by double servomotors can adjust all parameters online with high reliability and high bearing capacity. The elastodynamic model of the oscillation system was presented to analyze the oscillation characteristics affected by multiple parameters. Firstly, the working principle of the system was illustrated, with the kinematic model of the system given. Considering the elastic deformation of mechanical components, the lumped parameter method was used to establish the equivalent component and elastodynamic model of the oscillation system. Based on Runge–Kutta method, the oscillation response of the system was calculated. The validity of the elastodynamic model was validated by comparing the simulated solution and experimental data, and the oscillation characteristics of the system were analyzed emphatically with model parameters. The results showed that the first three harmonic frequencies of the eccentric shafts are the main cause of harmonic resonance, which has a strong relationship with the system error. The increase in the fluctuation coefficients and the decrease in the phase difference enhanced the elastic oscillation of the system. System elastic error tends to show linear growth with the increase in the friction force of the slab.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 115-123 [
摘要
] (
80
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
162
)
124
Dong-bin Jiang, Li-feng Zhang, Ya-dong Wang
Effect of mold electromagnetic stirring on solidification structure and solute segregation in continuous casting bloom
Hot!
The effect of mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) on the solidification structure and solute segregation in the continuous casting bloom of U78CrV steel is investigated. The solute distribution in the macroscale is analyzed using a carbon–sulfur analyzer and that in the microscale is measured with an electron probe microanalyzer. The Image-J software is applied to analyze the number density and area ratio of segregation spots. The results show that the segregation spots are mainly located in the columnar to equiaxed transition zone and the equiaxed zone, which are enriched with C, Cr, and Mn elements. With the M-EMS applied, the columnar grain inclines to the upstream side. As the current intensity increases, the deflecting angle of columnar grain rises, especially with the current intensity larger than 300 A. Besides, the center segregation shows a declining trend and the area fraction of the equiaxed zone rises clearly. Moreover, it is found that the area ratio and number density of segregation spots increase with the higher current intensity of M-EMS.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 124-131 [
摘要
] (
87
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
167
)
132
Tao Wang, En-gang Wang, Yves Delannoy, Yves Fautrelle, Olga Budenkova
Effect of vertical electromagnetic stirring on solute distribution in billet continuous casting process
Hot!
A volume averaged columnar solidification model, which couples the flow, temperature and solute concentration fields, is applied to simulate experimental continuous casting cases with and without vertical electromagnetic stirring (V-EMS). The calculated distribution of magnetic induction intensity and final macrosegregation maps are consistent with the experimental results. Calculation results reveal that the V-EMS promotes longitudinal melt flow, accelerates heat dissipation and solidification and finally reduces the central segregation of carbon. However, when V-EMS is applied, the solute distribution becomes asymmetric because the melt flow shows opposite directions between the near and far sides from stirrer. An obvious positive segregation band is observed at about 1/4 width of the billet near the stirrer in both calculated and experimental results. The position and degree of such positive segregation could be affected by installation height of stirrer, as demonstrated by additional simulation cases.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 132-143 [
摘要
] (
67
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
141
)
144
Yan-jie Liu, Guo-dong Xu, Ying-chun Wang, Hong-gang Zhong, Li-juan Li, Biao Wang, Qi-jie Zhai
Effects of pulse magneto-oscillation on GCr15 bearing steel continuous casting billet
Hot!
Pulse magneto-oscillation (PMO) added during solidification could affect the solidification structure and macrosegregation. A modified thermal simulation equipment was applied to prepare GCr15 bearing steel continuous casting billets with different PMO peak currents. Then, metallographic analysis, component analysis and numerical simulation were adopted to study the influence of PMO peak current and its mechanism. The sample with 150 KIA PMO peak current treatment has little difference with the samples without PMO treatment on solidification structure and macrosegregation. As the peak currents are 250 and 350 KIA, the columnar zone increases and macrosegregation aggravated. When 450 KIA peak current is selected, the equiaxed grain ratio is enlarged, and the dendritic grains are refined, and the macrosegregation of C, Cr, Si and Mn is decreased significantly. By analyzing, different convections induced by PMO with various peak currents are the key factor to change the solidification structure and macrosegregation.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 144-150 [
摘要
] (
68
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
168
)
151
Bin Yang, An-yuan Deng, Peng-fei Duan, Xiao-lei Kang, En-gang Wang
“Power curve” key factor affecting metallurgical effects of an induction heating tundish
Hot!
The key to acquire good metallurgical effects with induction heating tundish is to understand the flow field, temperature field and the movement of inclusions in the tundish with different induction heating power curves. Based on the production of a factory, this work established a multi-field coupling mathematical model to find out the link between the heating power curve and the metallurgical effects of the tundish. The results indicated that the heating efficiency of an induction heating tundish not only was affected by the heating power, but also related to the flow and temperature field in the tundish. When the induction heater was used intermittently and the induction heater was turned on, the molten steel was controlled by electromagnetic force, and the flow field basically remained stable. However, when the induction heater was turned off, the velocity of molten steel got small, and the thermal buoyancy could greatly change the flow, forming short-circuit flow; besides, large number of inclusions suddenly escaped from the outlet of the tundish. When the molten steel was heated continuously, the flow field, temperature field and inclusions behavior remained basically unchanged. Considering both energy saving and maintaining good metallurgical effects, continuous heating (the power increasing stepwise over time) should be selected.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 151-164 [
摘要
] (
56
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
159
)
165
Xiao-lin Li, Chi Jin, Hao-zhe Li, Xiao-xiao Hao, Yi He, Xiang-tao Deng, Zhao-dong Wang
Influence of cooling rate on phase transformation and precipitation behavior of Ti-bearing steel in continuous cooling process
Hot!
The influence of cooling rate on microstructural evolution and precipitation behavior in Ti, Ti–Nb and Ti–Mo low-carbon steels during the continuous cooling process was studied by dilatometer method, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that austenite transformation temperature decreased with the increasing cooling rate in three steels. The addition of Nb and Mo promoted bainite and martensite transformation and improved the hardenability of steels. In addition, precipitates formed in deformed austenite and ferrite can be observed simultaneously. Deformation in the austenite non-recrystallization zone can introduce a large number of deformation bands, and then, the precipitates preferentially nucleated in these deformation bands. In the following process, randomly distributed precipitates and interphase precipitates will be formed in ferrite. The precipitates formed in deformed austenite obey Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship with the matrix, while the precipitates formed in ferrite obey Baker–Nutting orientation relationship with the matrix. The addition of Nb and Mo in Ti-bearing steels decreased the precipitates size and increased the number density of precipitates and then improved the precipitation hardening. And the effect of Mo addition is more obvious than that of Nb addition.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 165-174 [
摘要
] (
85
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
148
)
175
Yi Wang, Wei-fu Li, Wen Yang
Evolution of inclusions in a pipeline steel during continuous casting and hot rolling process
Hot!
Industrial trials were performed to study the evolution of inclusions in a pipeline steel during the continuous casting and hot rolling process. The main composition of inclusions changed from Al2O3–CaO in the liquid steel to Al2O3–CaO–CaS in the slab, and then to Al2O3–CaS in the rolled plate. Corresponding area fractions of inclusions increased from 47.0 9 10–6 to 76.7 9 10–6, and to 144.3 9 10–6. It was explained by thermodynamic calculations that the thermodynamic equilibrium between inclusions and the steel varied with the temperature. Element contents of Al, Ca, Mg, S, and O in the steel decreased during the solidification and cooling process. Due to the difference in the cooling rate, the transformation ratio of CaS increased from 61% at the slab surface to 95% in the slab center. It was also affected by the size of inclusions as smaller inclusions provided better kinetic conditions. Critical diameters of inclusions for the composition transformation were calculated. For the hot rolling process, the average aspect ratio of inclusions increased from 1.4 in the slab to 2.8 in the rolled plate. During the hot rolling process, a part of inclusions was crushed into small particles of CaS phase and Al2O3–CaO–MgO cores, leading to a decrease in CaS content of inclusions.
2022 Vol. 29 (01): 175-185 [
摘要
] (
105
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
0KB] (
147
)
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
编辑部公告
·
《钢铁研究学报》第二届青年编委招募
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“极端环境下材料的腐蚀和磨损”专刊征稿启事
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“钢铁冶金固废资源化利用”专刊征稿启事
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“多相多尺度冶金过程数值仿真”专刊征稿启事
·
《钢铁研究学报》英文版“人工智能在钢铁冶金及材料中的应用”专刊征稿启事
更多
作者指南
投稿须知
论文模板
标准规范
版权协议
读者会员登录
友 情 链 接
更多
版权所有 © 《钢铁研究学报(英文版)》编辑部
地址：北京市海淀区学院南路76号 邮政编码：100081
