Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>对高炉渣性能和结构的影响及其应用

doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn0449-749x.20220648

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摘要为了解决高铝矿高炉冶炼时炉渣流动性差、渣铁难分、软熔带透气性变差等问题,基于邯钢高炉炉渣成分变化区间,结合理论计算和试验,研究了Al₂O₃含量对炉渣成分、性能的影响,获得了炉渣中Al₂O₃质量分数为15%～18% 时适宜的镁铝比(w(MgO)/w(Al₂O₃))和二元碱度调控区间,并将研究结果用于指导邯钢高炉高铝矿冶炼。研究结果表明,在Al₂O₃质量分数由15%增加到16%过程中,炉渣黏度随炉渣结构复杂化而逐渐增加,当温度为1 500 ℃时炉渣黏度一般小于0.4 Pa·s,不会影响高炉正常冶炼;当Al₂O₃质量分数由16%增加到17%时,由于炉渣结构不断复杂化以及高熔点镁铝尖晶石相的析出,造成炉渣黏度陡增,此时炉渣二元碱度为1.25～1.30,渣中镁铝比为0.4～0.6,能够保证邯钢2号、8号高炉的炉况稳定和冶炼指标。当Al₂O₃质量分数为17%～18%时,炉渣中析出相未发生变化,但炉渣结构聚合度进一步增加,导致炉渣黏度和熔化性温度继续升高,此时将炉渣二元碱度降低为1.15～1.19, 镁铝比为0.51～0.61,可满足邯钢高炉正常冶炼和指标稳定的需求。最后,对比了2021年国内主要的3 000 m³级左右高炉的冶炼指标,邯钢是当前大高炉高比例冶炼高铝铁矿最稳定的企业之一,实现了对经济高铝原料的连续稳定冶炼,对业内大高炉实施高铝矿冶炼有一定借鉴意义。

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	侯健
	陈布新
	白晨光
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	黄小波
	扈玫珑

关键词 ： Al₂O₃, 高炉渣, 镁铝比, 二元碱度, 黏度

Abstract：To solve the main problems of poor slag fluidity, difficult separation of slag and iron, poor permeability of soft melting zone and the like in the smelting process of high-alumina blast furnace. The influence of Al₂O₃ content on the composition and properties of blast furnace slag in Handan Steel was studied according to the composition change range of blast furnace slag, combined with theoretical calculation and experiment, When the mass percent of Al₂O₃ in the slag was between 15% and 18%, the proper w(MgO)/w(Al₂O₃) and binary alkalinity control range were obtained. The research results were used to guide the smelting of high alumina ore in Han Steel. The results show that when the mass percent of Al₂O₃ increases from 15% to 16%, with the complexity of slag structure, the viscosity of slag increases. The viscosity of slag at 1 500 ℃ is generally lower than 0.4 Pa·s, which will not affect the normal smelting of blast furnace. When the mass percent of Al₂O₃ increases from 16% to 17%, the viscosity of the slag increased sharply due to the continuous complexity of the slag structure and the precipitation of the high melting point magnesium aluminate spinel phase. At this time, the basicity of the slag was controlled from 1.25 to 1.30, and w(MgO)/w(Al₂O₃) in the slag was controlled from 0.4 to 0.6, which can ensure the stability of No. 2 and No.8 blast furnaces of Han Steel and the smelting index. When the mass percent of Al₂O₃ changes from 17% to 18%, the precipitated phase in the slag does not change, but the degree of polymerization of the slag structure further increases, resulting continuous increase of the viscosity and melting temperature of the slag. At this time, the basicity of the slag is reduced to between 1.15 and 1.19, and w(MgO)/w(Al₂O₃) is 0.51-0.61, which can meet the needs of normal smelting and stable index of blast furnace in Handan Steel. Finally, the smelting indexes of the main 3 000 m³ blast furnaces in China in 2021 is compared. Handan Steel is one of the most stable enterprises in smelting high-alumina iron ore, and the proportion of large blast furnaces is high. It realizes the continuous and stable smelting of economic high-alumina raw materials, and has certain reference significance for the implementation of high-alumina ore smelting in large blast furnaces in the industry.

Key words： Al₂O₃ blast furnace slag w(MgO)/w(Al₂O₃) binary basicity viscosity

收稿日期: 2022-10-14

引用本文:

侯健, 陈布新, 白晨光, 韩健, 黄小波, 扈玫珑. Al₂O₃对高炉渣性能和结构的影响及其应用[J]. 钢铁, 2023, 58(5): 39-50. HOU Jian, CHEN Bu-xin, BAI Chen-guang, HAN Jian, HUANG Xiao-bo, HU Mei-long. Effect of Al₂O₃ content on property and structure of BF slag and its utilization in iron making[J]. Iron and Steel, 2023, 58(5): 39-50.

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