“两步法”重构钢渣物相变化特征及黏度调控机制

doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn0449-749x.20230040

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摘要针对“改质+还原”两步法钢渣在线重构工艺过程涉及的物相与黏度协同调控问题,采用FactSage模拟软件对SiO₂-CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-Fe_xO五元渣系物相组成和液相区分布进行研究,并结合黏度试验及修正后的Einstein-Roscoe公式对渣系的黏度进行了分析,确定各成分含量变化对重构不同阶段熔渣的物相及黏度的影响规律。结果表明,钢渣主要物相包括金属氧化物、硅酸盐类、铝酸镁、镁硅钙石(Ca₃MgSi₂O₈)等,铁元素以Ca₂Fe₂O₅、Fe₃O₄、FeO形式存在,自由CaO质量分数由2.49%至5.81%不等;提高酸性改质剂比例,改质渣析出物相以铝酸钙、硅酸二钙、偏硅酸钙、铝黄长石(Ca₂Al₂SiO₇)、钙长石(Ca₂Al₂Si₂O₈)类物相为主,后期铝酸镁完全消失,转变为Ca₂Al₂SiO₇和CaMg₂Al₁₆O₂₇;还原阶段铁氧化物不断还原为金属铁与渣相分离,提铁尾渣中堇青石(Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈)和辉石类物相析出范围增大,当碱度由1.47降低至0.95时,偏硅酸钙和钙长石析出显著增多,自由CaO完全消解。改质剂的加入使钢渣的熔化性温度由1 450 ℃以上显著降低至1 330 ℃,FeO、MgO含量增加可降低熔化性温度、改善熔渣流动性,而碱度和Al₂O₃的影响规律恰好相反;还原阶段尾渣碱度、FeO质量分数对熔化性温度影响显著,碱度为0.95、FeO质量分数为3.69%时,尾渣熔化性温度约为1 350 ℃,FeO质量分数降低至0时尾渣熔化性温度提高了约27 ℃,需保证供热以克服流动性恶化问题并满足还原耗热;MgO和Al₂O₃质量分数对熔化性温度影响不大。综上,基于适宜的渣系成分及工艺调控,“两步法”重构钢渣方案可以满足熔池内物相反应及均质行为对熔渣流动性的要求。

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	甄常亮
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	赵凯

关键词 ：钢渣, 重构, 改质, 还原, 物相, 黏度

Abstract：Aiming the problem of synergetic control on phases and viscosity during the "modification and reduction" two-step steel slag online reconstruction process,phases and viscosity of SiO₂-CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-Fe_xO multi-molten slag were discussed by using Factsage simulation software,viscosity test and revised Einstein-Roscoe formula,then the influence of each component content variation on phases and viscosity of steel slag ware confirmed at different reconstruction stages. The results show that,the main phases of steel slag include metal oxides,silicates,magnesium aluminate,merwinite(Ca₃MgSi₂O₈) and so on,iron exists in the form of Ca₂Fe₂O₅,Fe₃O₄ and FeO,the mass percent of free CaO varies from 2.49% to 5.81%.The precipitated phases of modified slag are mainly calcium aluminate,dicalcium silicate,calcium metasilicate,aluminium melilite (Ca₂Al₂SiO₇) and akermanite(Ca₂Al₂Si₂O₈) when the proportion of acid modifier increased,and magnesium aluminate completely disappeared and transformed into Ca₂Al₂SiO₇ and CaMg₂Al₁₆O₂₇ in the later stage of modification. The iron oxides are continuously reduced to metallic iron and separated from the slag phaseinreduction stage,the range of cordierite (Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈) and pyroxene phase precipitation increases in tailings after iron extraction,and as the basicity decreasing from 1.47 to 0.95,calcium metasilicate and anorthite increase significantly,and free CaO was digested completely. The melting temperature of steel slag decreases significantly from above 1 450 ℃ to 1 330 ℃ with the addition of modifier,the melting temperature was decreased and the liquidity was improved caused by the increase of FeO and MgO mass percent,also the reduced basicity and Al₂O₃ mass percent. In the reduction stage,the basicity and FeO mass percent of the tailings effect on the melting temperature significantly. The melting temperature of the tailings is about 1 350 ℃ when R=0.95,w(FeO)=3.69%,and the melting temperature of the tailings increase by about 27 ℃ when the mass percent of FeO decrease to 0,so heat supply should be ensured to overcome the problem of liquidity and meet the reduction reaction. The influence of MgO and Al₂O₃ mass percent on the melting temperature insignificantly. So based on the appropriate slag composition and process control,the two-step steel slag reconstruction scheme can meet the requirements of slag fluidity for phase reaction and homogenization behavior in the molten pool.

Key words： steel slag reconstruction modification reduction phase viscosity

收稿日期: 2023-02-02

引用本文:

甄常亮, 程翠花, 张巧荣, 赵凯. “两步法”重构钢渣物相变化特征及黏度调控机制[J]. 钢铁, 2023, 58(7): 144-153. ZHEN Changliang, CHENG Cuihua, ZHANG Qiaorong, ZHAO Kai. Phase change characteristics and viscosity regulation mechanism during two-stepsteel slag reconstruction process[J]. Iron and Steel, 2023, 58(7): 144-153.

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