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2018 Vol. 37 No. 6
Published: 2018-12-20
Continuous Casting Technology
Strand Quality
Continuous Casting Equipment
continuous casting technology
1
YIN Jing-jing
Study of water flow of spray nozzles for secondary cooling in continuous casting machines by gaussian function fitting
The water distribution of two spray nozzles for secondary cooling in continuous casting machines were measured in the lab. The water distribution along a line was converted to a distribution along the spraying angle， which was found to be independent of the height of the nozzle placement. The angular distribution was fitted with three Gaussian distributions. The fitting parameters reflected the true characteristics of the nozzles. This study provided new insights for spray nozzle tests.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 1-6 [
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ZHANG Zheng-lin，CHEN Zhi-liang，WANG Xiang-hong，SUN Guang-tao，TONG Tai-qin
Production practice of high quality spring steel 55Cr3 for automobile stabilizer bar
The following process is carried out to produce 55Cr3 round steel using as high quality automobile stabilizer bar：120 ton converter （BOF）→LF furnace， vacuum RH furnace→220 mm×260 mm rectangular billet continuous casting （CCM）→casting billet anti decarburization coating →hot rolling process. The composition of high carbon and low phosphorus are controlled by the automatic secondary gun of converter and slag detection system. Combining with the high alkalinity control and narrow composition control of the refining LF furnace slag， the high vacuum cycle degassing and sufficient soft blowing time of the vacuum RH furnace， the casting whole protection casting， the mould and the end electromagnetic stirring and the light pressing technology， the technology of decarburization coating spraying， hot rolling， low temperature control rolling and controlled cooling technology on the surface of the billet， the product can achieve high level of composition， organization and surface quality. The content of phosphorus in steel is less than 0.010%， sulfur content is less than 0.006%， oxygen content is less than 10×10－6， inclusions in steel are class A and D inclusions that both are less than Grade 1， surface decarburization is basically zero， occasionally there is sporadic transition decarburization layer， and all the properties meet the requirements of customers.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 7-10 [
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JIN An-lin，SU Rong-hua，LI Xia，LI Jun， LU Ying-chun，CHEN Ai-lin，YANG Guan-long，SU Hua-lin，CHEN Wei，LIU Guo-long， DUAN Song-tao
Production practice of increasing service time of 70 tons ladle in Honghe steel
Combined with the practice of steel production in Honghe steel， the factors that affect the ladle service life were analyzed. A series of effective measures were taken by the masonry process of ladle， the positioning and management of the ladle ventilating brick. The average ladle service life was increased from 35 to 85， and the fire-resistant material in ton steel was obviously reduced.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 11-13 [
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14
[LU]Shi-jin，CHEN Tie-wu，XIAO Chao-hua
Modification of typical bloom discharge system
High-speed and efficient conveying of the billets cannot be achieved when erious equipment damage exists in the original discharge system. Aiming at this problem， discharge system was modified in terms of guide roller structure， cross transfer form， and so on. Production practice shows that the modified discharge system fully meets the production requirements. The correctness of the discharge system modification plan was verified. The modification of typical bloom discharge system could provide basis for modifications of other equipments in steelmaking and continuous casting field.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 14-17 [
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18
YANG Hai-feng，QU Zhi-guo，LI Wei，YANG Zhi-qiang，LIANG Xiao-Kai
Effect of rolling and heat treatment on HIC resistance performance of API 5L Gr.B pipeline steel
The effect of different rolling and heat treatment processes on the mechanical properties and microstructures was investigated. At the same time， the effect of different microstructures on hydrogen induced crack （HIC） resistance performance of API 5L Gr.B pipeline steel was also developed. The results showed that the ferrite+pearlite microstructure decreased the HIC resistance performance， and the quasi-polygon ferrite and granular degenerated pearlite were beneficial to the HIC resistance performance of the steel. The HIC resistance performance of the steel could not be improved obviously by normalizing because of the pearlite band in the center of the plate. The uniform microstructures， the refined grain size and the eliminated band structure were obtained by the quenching and tempering process， which was of benefit to the HIC resistance performance.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 18-21 [
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22
LIU Xiao-yong，ZHA Xiao-qin，LUO Xian-fu，ZHANG Wen-li
A review of the development of sea water desalination techniques and key material
The shortage of fresh water is becoming a?stumbling block for the sustainable development of mankind， which is a global issue. Sea water desalination may be an effective solution to this problem. In the past century， the desalination techniques have achieved great improvement， and some advanced methods such as Multi-Stage Flash method， Low Temperature Multi-Effect Distillation and reverse osmosis method are developed. The development of equipment also stimulates the research of materials and crafts. In this paper， we review the working mechanism of the prevailing desalination techniques and the developing process of the materials， which can be a reference for the future material selection and fabrication of the equipment.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 22-27 [
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HE Xi，LIU Yu，TENG Li-Hong，ZHU Fu-Qiang，LIU Hai-Ning，CAO Tian-Yi，LI Ren-Xing
Feasibility research on the increasing of casting speed for gear steel billet treated by PMO technology
The feasibility of increasing of casting speed for 20CrMnTi gear steel billet treated by PMO technology was investigated. The experimental results show that when the casting speed is increased from 0.94 m/min to 0.99 m/min， the area rate of equiaxed grain， the degree of porosity and macro-segregation index in the centerline are correspondingly changed from 15.6%， 0， 1.21 to 13.3%， 0.5， 1.36， respectively. By contrast， for the billet treated by PMO， the area rate of equiaxed grain is only decreased from 26.0% to 23.0%， and the degree of porosity and macro-segregation index in the centerline keep 0 and 1.1， respectively. It indicates that it is feasible to increase the casting speed for the billet treated by PMO because the billet quality still can be guaranteed.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 28-31 [
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strand quality
32
WANG Hai-yang，TENG Li-hong ，ZHAO Yang，REN Zhen-hai，WAN Wen-hua，ZHANG Ling-ling，XU Zhi-shuai
Influence of pulse magneto-oscillation on solidification structure and carbides in bearing steel billet
Pulse magneto oscillation （PMO） homogenization technique has been applied to improve the quality of bearing steel billet in Zenith Steel Group Company Limited. The solidified structure and carbides of produced bearing steel billet treated by PMO were investigated. The measured results showed that the area rate of equiaxed grain was significantly increased by a rate of 28.8%. In addition， the central shrinkage cavity and porosity were remarkably eliminated. It was found that the size and distribution of banded carbides and hydro carbides were obviously relieved. The size of carbides was reduced by a rate of 81.9% and 86.3%， respectively. The results suggested that the fatigue life of bearing steel treated by PMO could be extended.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 32-35 [
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FAN Xing-chen，PAN Biao，LIU Shu-qing
Study on increasing the service life of work roll bearing of wide and heavy plate mill
In order to increase the service life of the work roll bearing of a special plate mill， through the analysis of the working condition of the rolling mill bearing and the current bearing maintenance method， the service life of the work roll bearing of the heavy plate mill was obviously improved by a reasonable bearing maintenance method and bearing quick cleaning equipment. The results show that the reasonable maintenance method of bearing and the quick cleaning equipment of bearing have the effect of reducing the manpower， improving the cleaning effect， improving the service life of the work roll bearing， and improving the working efficiency of the work roll while reducing the cost of the spare parts.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 36-37 [
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38
ZHANG Jiong，WANG Gan，FAN Hai-ning，ZHANG Li-xin，ZHOU Ya-hui，WANG Quan
Production Practice of Ma Steel Slab Scarfing Machine
Surface defects of continuous casting slab have important influence on the quality of rolled products. Slab scarfing was the most effective way to remove the subsurface defects on the slab， including surface crack， skin blowhole and slag inclusions. By this way， surface quality of the coils can be greatly improved. Basic parameters， working mechanism， working process， practical practice of Ma Steel slab scarfing process and the problems and countermeasures of the leakage scarfing were introduced in this paper. The slab scarfing machine runs steadily and the slabs have good surface quality in Ma Steel. Besides， defects of cold rolling coils from scarfing slabs decrease by 40% compared to the un-scarfing slabs.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 38-41 [
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42
LU Xiao-wu
Design and practice on segment revamping for 1450 mm slab caster
In order to extend the service life of a 1 450 mm slab caster in a steel plant， and to improve the production stability and the operation efficiency of the caster， and to promote the product quality， the segments of the caster were redesigned. By analyzing the technical characteristics of the segments and the existing problems before revamping， the structural design and parts selection of the segments were optimized. The selection and arrangement of the nozzles were optimized by spray test. The strength and rigidity of the segments were verified by finite element calculation. The practice results show that the segments have good structure design and parts selection， and meet the requirements of strength and rigidity request， and are conducive to the production and maintenance. The cooling of bow segments is controlled by the technology of nozzle scope cutting controlled by valves. The nozzles have wide adjusting range of spraying water and the slab cooling is evenly. This is conducive to improve the quality of slab surface. The single line intelligent centralized lubrication system makes low dry oil consuming and little probability of bearing failure， and have good cost saving. After revamping， the segments are stable and reliable， and have high operation efficiency and less downtime. The revamped segments are easy to disassemble， install and maintain.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 42-46 [
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47
[LU]Shi-jin，QIN Yong，ZHANG Dan
The analysis and modification of billet CCM oscillation supporting beam
The water-cooled box type steel beam is used as oscillation supporting beam， which has the advantage of simple structure， convenience and practicality. However， it is prone to cause some problems such as insufficient stiffness and oscillation interference. Combined with related billet caster engineering， detecting and modifying the oscillation supporting beams， provides reference for similar oscillation supporting beams.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 47-50 [
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CHEN Xiang
Transformation of nonsinusoidal vibration device for No.2 slab caster in panzhihua iron and steel group Co. Ltd
The No.2 slab continuous casting machine mould hydraulic oscillation device of INMO is introduced from a foreign company. INMO in the operation process has exposed the offset a flutter，polarization and guide wheel，high failure rate，replacement time and other issues. It has seriously restricted product quality and capacity. By exploring cooperation with domestic design units， optimizing the design of hydraulic cylinder， servo valve， guide device and electric control system and applying the control strategy combining the open and closed loop in the program， the oscillation phenomenon of servo system has been effectively avoided. The transformation of No.2 slab nonsinusoidal vibration device has been successfully implemented.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 51-54 [
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ZOU Chang-dong，MAN Han，ZHOU Qing-feng，FENG Kong-fang，LI Qiang
Analysis of surface defects of low carbon boron steel wire rod
The occurrence rate of surface defects of low carbon boron steel wire rod produced by a factory was very high for a long time， hence the surface defects on wire rod were analyzed. According to the macro-morphology， the surface defects leading to defective products can be divided into three types： scarring defect， pits defect and serrated defect. The defect samples were corroded by metallographic chemical etching method， then the microstructure was observed by metallographic microscope， all the three type defects showing three major characteristics： iron oxide layer is inside the defect， ferrite grain grows abnormally beside the defect， and the defects are located at the junction of the metal rheology. It is inferred that the formation of surface defects of the wire rod is caused by the already existing surface cracks on billet before rolling. The numerical simulation and rolling simulation method were used to verify the infer， and the results show that the above inference is established， the formation of the surface defects of the wire rod is indeed caused by the surface crack of the billet.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 55-60 [
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continuous casting equipment
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XU Jian-fei，，LIU Zhi-yuan，WANG Chong-jun，CHENG Ju-guang， TIAN Bao-yi，ZHANG Jie
Study on inclusion control during the slab continuous casting process.
The internal structure of slab tundish was optimized by water modeling experiment based on the practical production. The results showed that the scheme containing turbulence suppression device， single baffle and double dams was the best solutions. In this condition， the dead zone volume proportion was 0.14%， the active zone volume proportion was 0.23%， which was favorable for the removal of inclusions and increase of yield of molten steel. The submerged nozzle was optimized to use four slag lines during a casting cycle by radium automatic control liquid level function and automatic lifting function of tundish car. Through this operation， submerged nozzle change times was decreased by one， and the purity of molten steel during casting process was improved effectively.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 61-66 [
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JIE Rui-hua，LI Hai，WANG Wen-pei，WANG Chun-yan，YANG Ren-qiang
Analysis and control of slag inclusion defect in QD08 low carbon Al-killed steel
Dissident investigation of slag defects in users at QD08. Through sampling and SEM analysis of "inclusions"， it was found that the main component of "inclusion" was protective slag. In order to reduce these deficiencies， the overall nozzle was cast， the level of the crystallizer was stabilized， the constant casting speed operation was performed， the properties of the protective slag were optimized， and the slag was automatically added. And other measures. The application results show that QD08’s unplanned product rate due to “slagging” defects has been reduced from 0.65% to below 0.07%， and the quality of slabs has been significantly improved. At the same time， from the perspective of user quality objection feedback， slag inclusion defects have also been significantly reduced.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 67-70 [
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ZHANG Zheng-lin， WANG Xiang-hong
Control of longitudinal surface crack of tube steel A29
As for the surface crack of 280 mm×320 mm on thick billet rolling bar， the crack on rolling bar was related to the slow cooling process of continuous casting billet through the investigation of the process and simulation analysis of phase change. By optimization of continuous casting slow cool process and adjusting of the composition of main elements in A29， the probability of the rolling material without crack was increased from 50.3% to 85.5%.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 71-73 [
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CHEN Rong-kai，LIU Kun
Practical study on control of corner crack breakout of Malaysia stander C12D steel billet
The standard C12D steel in Malaysia belongs to the peritectic steel. The 7 machine and 7 flow 8 m arc square billet caster is used to produce the continuous casting billet of C12D steel （165 mm×165 mm） in United Steel. The main problem in the production is the longitudinal crack in the inner arc， which directly causes the leakage of steel and affects the smooth production of the normal production. In order to solve the problem of longitudinal cracks in continuous casting billets， the mechanism of crack morphology， microstructure and crack formation in continuous casting C12D steel was studied. By adjusting the composition of molten steel， the overheat of molten steel， the selection of the slag， the adjustment of the cooling water and the speed of drawing， the goals of controlling the longitudinal crack in the corner of the casting billet and stabilizing the production are achieved.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 74-76 [
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WU Guo-qing，WEN Guo-yuan，CHEN Wei-qiang，LIU Yong-long
The design features and application of special large section round bloom caster
With the successful production of[?]1 000 mm round bloom caster， which is independently researched， developed and manufactured by CERI， it is proved that China has reached the international leading level in this field. Meanwhile， it also laid a leading position of CERI in China. In this paper， the technical parameters， quality-ensuring measures and the equipment level for CERI’s patented large round bloom caster that has the largest section in the world have been introduced.
2018 Vol. 37 (6): 77-80 [
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