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2008 Vol. 43 No. 12
Published: 2008-12-15
综合论述
1
ZHOU Chunlin;LIU Chunming;DONG Yafeng;SHA Yongzhi
ＢＦ Ironmaking in the World and Development Direction in China
Although nonBF ironmaking processes are developing, BF ironmaking process would still hold its leading position in future in the world. The key for Chinese ironmaking industry is to modify and upgrade operations. Attention should be paid on enlarging BF volume properly, improving configuration and operation indexes, perfecting monitoring and controls, choosing proper energy saving and emission reducing methods, etc. Decreasing the ratio of hot metal to steel is the most effective measure to reduce CO2 emission for steel industry.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 1-0 [
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原料与炼铁
7
PENG Zhiwei;LI Guanghui;TANG Zhaokun;YANG Xuefeng;JIANG Tao
Research on Ballability of Iron Concentrates
To improve ballability of iron concentrates, 10 iron concentrates were studied. The results show that the ballability of iron concentrates was different obviously, by optimizing blending of iron concentrates, pretreatment of mixture, adjusting the granularity distribution of concentrate, choosing appropriate bentonite, the bentonite dosage and quality of green pellet as well as the ballability of iron concentrates could be improved.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 7-0 [
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13
L Xuewei;BAI Chenguang;ZHANG Lifeng;QIU Guibao;HU Tu;XIE Hao
Dehydration and Sintering Mechanism of Indonesian Nickeliferous Laterite
The chemical analysis, as well as thermogravimetric, differential thermal analysis and Xray diffraction analysis were firstly carried out for Indonesian nickeliferous laterite to understand the drying and sintering mechanism. The dehydration of laterite could be divided into steps of removing free water, crystal water and hydroxyl group at different temperature. The sintering experiment of laterite with different carbon content were carried out, and the effect of carbon content on sintering velocity, agglomeration ratio, mass loss, temperatures of off gas and yield was studied. The Xray diffraction and SEM results showed that pyroxene ((Mg,Fe)SiO3) and magnesiowustite (Mg(Ni)Fe2O4) were the main adhesives in the sinter.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 13-0 [
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19
ZHANG Jianliang;ZHANG Xuesong;GUO Hongwei;ZHANG Ruwang
Mathematic Model of Loop Charging in BellLess Top
The traditional inside stack angle was corrected, and the last charge surface shape was used as initial charge surface shape for next charging to reduce the effect of initial charge surface shape on simulation result. This model can simulate charge surface shape at any angle. The real time ore coke ratio for last three batches could be shown for verification of convergence and BF operation. The mathematical model more truly reflects the charge surface shape in BF.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 19-0 [
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24
L Qing;ZHANG Zhenfeng;LI Fumin;
Runner Sediment Formation Mechanism on Chenggang Blast Furnace
Runner sediment formation mechanism on Chenggang blast furnace was studied. The main reason of sediment formation is the integration of following factors: low fluidity of BF slag containing vatanium titanium, separation of TiC, Ti(C, N) in hot metal drops in slag, and temperature drop during tapping. The effective preventing measures are improving the fluidity of final slag and separation of slag from hot metal.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 24-0 [
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炼钢
28
WANG Xinhua;CHEN Bin;JIANG Min;WANG Wanjun
Effect of SlagMetal Reaction on Formation of Nonmetallic Inclusions of Lower Melting Temperature in High Strength Alloyed Structural Steel
If the nonmetallic inclusions in alloying steels are of low melting temperature, the fatigue life of steels can be significantly improved. A laboratory study was carried out to investigate the inter reaction between slag, metal and inclusions. It was found that the amount of the high melting temperature inclusions of MgOAl2O3 type decreased with increasing the slagmetal reaction time. Compared with using the slag containing about 20% Al2O3 and with a basicity of about 5, by using higher Al2O3 and higher basicity slag (Al2O3:41%, CaO/SiO2:6.5), the portion of CaOMgOAl2O3SiO2 inclusions could be increased from 24.4% to 81.7% and most of them were of low melting temperature (≤1500 ℃).
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 28-0 [
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33
LIU Yangchun;FU Jie;WU Huajie
Study on Effect of AluminumNitride in Low Carbon AluminumKilled Steels Produced by TSCR
The effect of aluminumnitride in low carbon aluminumkilled steels produced by TSCR was studied. The results show that the precipitation of aluminumnitride had no distinct effect on the grain size and mechanical properties of aluminumkilled low carbon steel plates produced by TSCR of which acidsoluble aluminum content was 0005%0.043%, so it was suggested that the precipitation of aluminumnitride was not the main factor of grain refining. Only a small quantity of aluminumnitride could be precipitated and had faint effect of precipitation strengthening, so the aluminumnitride was not the dominating factor of steel strengthening too. But the precipitation of aluminumnitride had obvious effect on the grain coarsening in steel plates during reheating, and the grain coarsening temperature was increased with the increment of acidsoluble aluminum content，or aluminumnitride content.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 33-0 [
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38
SONG Mantang;WANG Huizhong;WANG Xinhua
Study on LF Refining Technique About Ultra Low Sulphur Steel X70
For production of ultra low sulphur （w(S)≤0.0020%）X70, all the procedures from hot metal desulphurization and slag skimming, converter smelting to ladle furnace refining, must be controlled strictly, moreover the LF refining technique is the key factor of deep desulphurization. By controlling basicity, oxygen potential and amount of LF finishing slag, and liquid steel temperature, deoxidation process of X70 with sulphur content, ranged from 0.0004% to 0.0030%, and average of 0.0014%.could be produced.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 38-0 [
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42
CHENG Changgui;LI Guangqiang;SHUAI Jing;CHEN Zhaoping;XIA Xingming
Research on Temperature Drop Model of Hot Metal in Simultaneous Desulphurization and Dephosphorization and Desiliconization Pretreatment Process
Based on the hot metal pretreatment process at No. 2 Steelmaking Plant of Baosteel, a temperature drop model of hot metal was developed. The calculated results show that the prediction precision of the model was closely related to the selected parameters. The temperature drop of hot metal decreased with increase of CaO content and decrease of Fe2O3 content in the flux. Moreover, it decreased with increase of dephosphrization rate and utilizing rate of Na2CO3. However, the temperature drop of hot metal increased with increase of correction coefficient of decarbonization rate.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 42-0 [
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轧钢
46
ZHANG Qingdong;XU Xinggang;YU Meng;QU Biao;LI Shi
Cold Rolling Force Model Based on GA and ANN for Stainless Steel Strip
In order to improve the precision of imported rolling force model and based on BlandFord formula, the modified yield stress model and rolling force model were established by combining mathematical models of yield stress and rolling force with BP neural network and Genetic Algorithm. Lots of actual measured data pretreated and divided according to steel grade were used to train the neural network. The comparison between the measured and predicted rolling force showed that the new rolling force model had higher prediction accuracy.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 46-0 [
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49
LI Haijun;ZHAO Xuliang;ZHANG Dianhua;WANG Guodong;CHEN Feng
Influence of Workpiece Width on Hot Strip Mill Stretch
Mill stretch equation is an indispensable model for AGC system. The mill stretch is changed with strip width during rolling process. The actual mill stretch deviates from that measured with “mill kiss” method, when the strip width deviates from work roll face width. The influence of strip width on mill stretch was analyzed with influence function method, and the results show that mill stretch width compensation increased with strip width decreasing or rolling force increasing. A mill stretch width compensation regression model was developed for online application.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 49-0 [
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53
LI Quan;LIU Zhengdong;TANG Guangbo;TIAN Zhiling
Numerical Research on Nonuniform Strain of NbMicroalloyed HSLA Steel Strip During Hot Rolling
3D coupled thermomechanical finite element model for simulating hot strip rolling was developed by using commercial FEM software ANSYS/LSDYNA. Influence of chemical composition and processing parameters, such as entry thickness, temperature, work roll diameter, reduction rate and Nb content, on strain distribution in deformation zone was analyzed. The results indicate that all of the above mentioned factors had different influence on strain in the thickness direction. The uniformity of deformation during hot rolling could be improved by properly increasing the slab thickness and adopting large reduction rate on first stands.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 53-0 [
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58
LEI Junxiang;KANG Yonglin;SONG Renbo;YANG Xiongfei;WANG Zhijun
Orthogonal Test of Alkaline Cleaning Process Parameters of 0Cr18Ni9 Stainless Steel Cold Rolled Coil
Total chromatism ΔE* in CIE1976 L*a*b* color space was used firstly as evaluation index of surface quality of alkaline cleaned 0Cr18Ni9 stainless cold rolled coil. According to the measurement principle and method with CIE1976 L*a*b* color space and chromatism equation, the surface color of stainless steel sheet was mesured by TCPⅡG full automation color difference meter. Orthogonal test and ANOVA were carried for alkaline cleaning process parameters. The significance and sequence of the process parameters were determined by F Test, and the optimum alkaline cleaning process parameters were obtained. The optimum formula was 80%NaOH+20%NaNO3, the appropriate temperature and time were 550 ℃, 25 seconds respectively. Factor significance sequence was temperature>formula>time. The cleaning time was not significant, it could be regarded as system control parameter and set based on line velocity and cleaning tank length.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 58-0 [
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钢铁材料
63
LIN Gaoyong;ZHENG Xiaoyan;FENG Di;YANG Wei;ZHANG Shenghua;
Effects of Heat Treatment on Nitrided Layer of H13 Tool Steel
The microstructure and hardness of the layer of H13 tool steel gasnitrided in different heat treatment conditions were studied by Xray, SEM and microhardness test. The results show that, the thickness of nitrided layer was 0.24 mm with a compound layer 10 μm, surface hardness was HV950（HRC67）, for the specimen,which was nitrided after “quenching and twice tempering” and “quenching and threetime tempering”. The compound layer mainly consisted of εphase（Fe2N）, γ′phase and Fe3O4, and diffusion layer consisted αFe、εphase（Fe3N）, γ′phase and CrN. However, the specimen nitrided after “quenching” and “quenching and once tempering” couldn’t have a nitrided layer of comprehensive properties.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 63-0 [
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67
JIANG Hongsheng;ZHANG Hanqian;CONG Yu;WANG Guodong
Development of 12Cr2Mo1R（SA387Gr22Cl2）Heavy Plate for Equipment Working Under Critical Hydrogen
The technical requirements and production technology of 12Cr2Mo1R（SA387Gr22Cl2） heavy plate for the equipment working under critical hydrogen manufactured by Baosteel are introduced. The chemical composition and mechanical properties are shown by the 12Cr2Mo1R （SA387Gr22Cl2） heavy plate with thickness of 95 mm. As compared with the same kind heavy plates manufactured in China and abroad, the properties of 12Cr2Mo1R（SA387Gr22Cl2） heavy plate manufactured by Baosteel were comparative.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 67-0 [
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71
FANG Fang;YONG Qilong;YANG Caifu;ZHANG Yongquan
A Model for the Kinetics of V(C,N) Precipitation in Austenite
The stress relaxation was used to study the isothermal precipitation of V(C,N) in austenite of vanadiumnitrogen microalloyed steel, the simulation results of kinetic model were confirmed. The results indicated that, the PTT (PrecipitationTemperatureTime) curve presented typical “C” type curve, the calculated shortest precipitation time of V(C,N) in austenite was occurred at 820 ℃, and in a good agreed with experimental result. The effect of nitrogen content on the PTT curve of V(C,N) was apparent, the “C” curve moved to left with increasing nitrogen content and it’d be more easier for V(C,N) to precipitate in austenite when the nitrogen content was more than 001%.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 71-0 [
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WANG Qian;YANG Zhongmin;WU Chunjing
Microstructure and Orientation Change During Inverse Transformation of Deformation Induced Ferrite
The inverse transformation of deformation induced ferrite in plain low carbon steel Q235 during temperature holding after deformation was performed Gleeble 1500 in and observed metallographically. The grain orientation was determined by orientation mapping of EBSD technique. The results showed that the deformation induced ferrite inverse transformed to austenite and grains growted within holding time after deformation. Then inversed austenite transformed in martensitic first, and later to ferrite by equilibrium transformation with increasing holding time. The ferrite changed from deformation induced ferrite with a little of metastructure to proeutectoid ferrite with more metastructure.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 75-0 [
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79
ZHANG Chunling;CAI Dayong;LIAO Bo;FAN Yunchang
Effect of DualPhase Treatment on Corrosion Property of Weathering Steel 09CuPCrNi
Dualphase steel 09CuPCrNi was prepared through intercritical quenching process. The influence of dualphase treatment on corrosion resistant property of the steel was studied by electrochemical potentiodynamic test and salt spray test. The results indicate that the corrosion behavior of the dualphase weathering steel quenched at 780 ℃ and original weathering steel in 5%NaOH, 5%HCl, 5%H2SO4 and 3.5% NaCl aqueous solutions was identical, but the dualphase steel showed lower corrosion current. In salt spray test, the corrosion rates (mm/a) of dualphase steels were lower by 7.9%~22.2% (48 h) and 2.3%~130% (120 h).
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 79-0 [
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环保与能源
83
DU Tao;CAI Jiuju;LI Yajun;WANG Jianjun
nalysis of Hot Metal Temperature Drop and EnergySaving Mode on TechnoInterface of BFBOF Route
Based on the theory of heat transfer, a mathematical model was developed to simulate temperature drop of hot metal during transfer. The model can be used for special factory, and it was proved that the calculated values were in good agreement with the measured one. And it is also proved that the temperature drop in different steps was different: the temperature drop of hot metal during tapping was the greatest; those during charging, pretreatment, transportation and waiting were relatively smaller. Compared with the mode of hot metal transfer with ladle changing, the mode of using one open ladle had relatively better interface continuity and temperature drop of hot metal could be reduced by about 35%. Hence the mode of using one open ladle is potentially favorable in the future.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 83-0 [
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87
YAN Genfa;JIN Yongming;ZHU Peilun
On Recycling Treatment of BOF Mud
More attention is paid to BOF mud reusing treatment not only for environment protection but also for ferrous resource reusing. Three recycling modes ore discussed from four aspects, including ferrous resource yield, energy consumption, treatment cost and technology applicability. The reasonable mode of BOF mud treatment is to produce basic pellets as BOF slag forming flux.
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装备与控制
92
ECernuschi
FQMTM: Danieli 3Roll Pass Retained Mandrel Mill for High Quality Seamless Tube Production
FQMTM is the core of Danieli seamless pipe production process. This innovative mill can be installed in new rolling line, or for revamping of existing line.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 92-0 [
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技术交流
96
NIU Shipu;ZHANG Nailin;LU Shaobao;SHANG Jingquan
Reasons and CountorMeasures of Bright/Band of Hot Rolled Strip and Fin Defect of Cold Rolled Strip
Some adjustment of cold rolling technology was done to remove fin defect of cold rolled strip, but it couldn’t remove the defect completely. At the same time bright brand was found on surface of hot strip, and it was found that the position of bright band on hot rolled strip might be corresponded to the position of fin defect. It was proved that the bright band was local high point of hot strip formed by nonuniform wear of the roller. Through optimizing roller shape of hot rolling mill the bright brand on hot rolled strip and fin defect of cold rolled strip were eliminated.
2008 Vol. 43 (12): 96-0 [
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99
YU Yuanhao;FENG Gensheng;SU Dongxue
Measures of Improving Sinter Quality and Decreasing Fuel Consumption of Guofeng Blast Furnace Ironmaking
The properties of imported ores at Guofeng Iron and Steel Co．， Ltd． (abbreviated by Guofeng) were studied by experiment. By mixing Australia ores, Brazil ores, and India ores, respectively, the reasonable ore mixing scheme was found. Appropriate sintering parameters were also determined. By controlling appropriate sinter basicity, MgO content, Al2O3 content, and FeO content, adopting low temperature sintering, and sintering in oxidizing atmosphere, the quality of sinter was improved. Moreover the fuel consumption for blast furnace ironmaking was decreased effectively.
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